Is There Any Chance To Become Father After Vasectomy?

Many men forget about an important thing – a man can become father even after spermiducal flow removal.

However, rarely disregard of doctor's advice may lead to unwanted pregnancy.

Vasectomy is  an operation, that often is made in doctor's office under local anesthesia. Doctor cuts or blocks canals called  spermiducal flows. This makes sperm not to get from the testicles into the penis. After vasectomy ejaculation occurs but seminal fluid does not contain sperm.

Sperm stops to reproduce during ejaculation not at once. To make sure that you are sterile it is necessary after some time to make analysis of seminal fluid. Before this analysis shows no sperm you should know that there is no guarantee that your partner will not get pregnant.

Seminal fluid may contain sperm up to 3 months, and sometimes even longer. Until analysis does not show sperm absence you should use birth control. In rare cases a  man can become father even if the results of analysis were “clear”. Researchers investigated 600 couples where the male made vasectomy. It was emerged that 6 women got pregnant during 6-72 weeks after male sterilization.

In order to prove the effectiveness of the procedure, you should continue to undergo tests to see if you have or not sperm in seminal fluid. Analysis should be made at least twice after operation. Some doctors recommend to undergo tests also in a year after operation.

Many men do not follow this advice. According to statistics, every fourth man after vasectomy does not make any analysis of seminal fluid. Half of men did not made repeated analysis recommended by their doctor.

If you have made vasectomy or you want to make it in future, please, check your seminal fluid to see contains it sperm or not. Those who do not follow this advise risk to get a big surprise.

Vasectomy (Male Sterilization)

Nowadays more than 50 million of men have made vasectomy (sterilization).  That is about 5% of married men in reproductive age. If we compare it with women, you should know that 15% of families choose female sterilization as birth control method.

Vasectomy is a male operation to make a man sterile (unable to child fetation). This is the most popular method of male contraception for life. According to statistics, in the USA every sixth male over 35 years was exposed to the operation. In some countries female sterilization and female contraception precede vasectomy by popularity.

Male sterilization is an easy way to prevent from unplanned pregnancy, it is 100% effective and relatively safe method, that has no influence on sexual life. However, preventing from pregnancy, vasectomy is not protecting from sexually transmitted diseases.

Essence of the procedure
The essence of vasectomy is to prevent sperm hitting into ejaculate that is eliminated during sex. Sperm containing male reproductive cells is produced in testes. Moving via spermoducts it is hitting other testes glands where it is mixing with ejaculate. In consequence of vasectomy those spermoducts are cut and blocked. So hitting of sperm into ejaculate is prevented and it is just utilized by organism. Naturally, fetation without sperm is impossible.

Existing Techniques
Usually the operation lasts 30-40 minutes. Traditional method means that one side of the cod should be injected with anaesthetic. Then doctor makes there two small discissions and cuts spermducts and removes a small part of them. The ends of canals are tied and cod cuts are sewed. The same is performed on another side too.

Sometimes operation is performed without making cuts. With a special device doctor makes a small prick, stretches skin, cuts and tires ends of spermoducts. In this case blood loss is less and there is no need in stitching. This is a new method, it is less painful and causes less complications in comparison to traditional operation.

Is it painful?
To perform operation more often is used local anaesthesia what makes operation less painful.  It is noticed just low discomfort caused by anaesthetic injection and when doctor pulls canal via cut. After operation several days you will feel bad.  Minimum for one day is prescribed bed regime. Operations without scalpel are not so painful. Special bandage supporting cod, cold compresses and anaesthetics that do not contain aspirin stanch your pain. Follow doctor's instructions and everything will be okay.

Complications
Operations of both types can cause complications. Serious side effects occur rarely. Usually they are connected with infection (infection can be brought via cut or via canals). Address your doctor if you have next symptoms of infection: high temperature, issue of blood, pyorrhea from cut,  great pain and inflammation.

Other possible problems:
1) bruise (soon after operation it passes off). In rare cases hematoma occurs. So there is need in medical screening.
2) Sperm keeps on flowing from spermoducts in 18% of cases after operation. As a result under skin can be formed a bump (granuloma). Granuloma resolves by itself, but sometimes there is need in surgical intercourse.
3) More rarely occurs abscess.

Future of Male Contraception

Male contraceptive choice never was large. Besides condoms, vasectomy and continence there was no methods to practice safe sex. However everything may be changed in the coming years.

Scientists as never before came closer to invention of male contraceptives. Those pills can appear in pharmacies in about 5 years, and special implants even earlier.

Advantages of male contraceptives
Men fear of side effects similar to those that occur with women when taking contraceptives, but tests showed that this possibility is insignificant. The advantages are:

1. safety
2. effectiveness
3. security
4. reversibility
5. low cost
6. possibility to control process of fetation
7. both partners are responsible for their protection

What are male hormonal contraceptives?
Male hormonal contraceptives act the same as women ones. Women birth control pills contain hormones preventing from eggs production. Male birth control pills contain hormones preventing from sperm production.

Eventually for men will be created pills, creams, gels, injections (that should be made once in three months), plasters, implants that will be implanted under skin. Specialists say that first will be available implants and injections. According to researches, male ability to fetation restores in 3-4 months after injections.

Alternatives
In present time clinical tests on Adjudin® are held. This is a medicine from cancer, which has such side effect as infertility. Adjudin® greatly reduces sperm production.  Animal tests showed that in case of overdose there are possible serious side effects. Small doses have not caused any side effects. The amount of sperm production normalizes in two months after stopping to take this medicine. The medicine is prospective enough but before it appears on sale scientists have to work a lot.

One more direction into male contraceptive development are injections which stop protein production responding on male fertility. This medicine was successfully tested on monkeys. After stopping of making injections most of men could again be fertile. Injection should be tested on humans.

Nowadays scientists continue to develop male contraceptives but they are not available on sale yet.

Sexually transmitted diseases
Male contraceptives are expected to prevent effectively from pregnancy but not from sexually transmitted diseases. To protect from sexually transmitted disease it is necessary to use condoms.

Male Contraception

1) Refusal from sex
Continence excludes possibility of sperm-egg collision and, as a result, pregnancy.
Pros: the risk of venereal disease infection is missing.
Cons: many of men can hardly refuse completely from sex. Besides, reviving sexual life a man can be unprepared or he can forget about necessity to use contraceptives.
Medical risks and side effects: no observed.
Effectiveness: 100%.

Petting (sex without penetration) means sex play. Unlike regular sex, it does not consider male penis to enter vagina and excludes sperm and egg joining.
Pros: this method is absolutely free. It can be used when other methods are inaccessible. It prolongs foreplay and intensifies orgasm.
Cons: sometimes the excitement can prevent from stopping. It is possible to move to vaginal sex (with contraceptive or without).
Medical risks and side effects: during anal or oral sex via body fluids can be transmitted venereal diseases.
Effectiveness: pregnancy is not excluded in case when sperm or ejaculate drops fall on woman genitalia.

2) Barrier Methods
Male Condoms. Condom is a protecting cover placed over the erect penis to avoid sperm penetration into vagina. Usually condoms are made from thin latex, vinyl or natural materials. The effectiveness of condoms depends on how you use them. Here are some recommendations on their usage which will help you increase their safety.

• use condoms with spermicides


• do not apply oil-based lubricants on latex condoms (vaseline)


• you should wear condom correctly: drop 1-2 spots of water-based lubricant on the tip of condom.  Put condom on erected penis head. Leave the room at the top (about 1cm) for ejaculate. Move foreskin aside and roll condom down the penis. Check if there were no left any air bubbles.


• Take condom off by holding its base

Pros: availability (you can buy condoms in supermarkets and pharmacies), low cost. It helps to avoid premature ejaculation. The process of condom wearing can be an interesting part of foreplay. When using them along with other contraceptives, they do prevent from sexually transmitted diseases.

Cons: the reduction and loss of sensibility are possible. Condom can tear and sperm can penetrate into vagina. That is why it is recommended to use condom with spermicide to neutralize sperms and prevent from pregnancy. Condoms from natural materials do not protect from HIV.

Medical risks and side effects: allergy on latex.
Effectiveness: 86 – 98%.

3) Surgical Methods
Sterilization. If you are totally sure that you do not have a wish to conceive a baby in any time of your life, then you can make sterilization. Reversal surgery is difficult and is not always successful. Any partner can make sterilization.

Vasectomy. During this operation doctor separates, ties up or cuts off spermoducts that are canals through which sperm goes from testis into penis. There is no need in general anesthesia during that operation, more often it is made outpatiently. In 75% of cases the results of vasectomy are reversible during two years after operation. At the end of this term sperm can be taken from testis using artificial methods.

Pros: there is no need to use any other methods of birth control before, during or after sexual contact. There is no negative effect on endocrine profile. You can enjoy making sex without thinking about unplanned pregnancy. Here the price and quality are good enough.

Cons: it requires surgical interference. It happens that life conditions do change and the man regrets about his decision. The reversal operation is quite difficult. Vasectomy does not protect from sexually transmitted diseases.

Medical risks and side effects:
There is possible moderate bleeding or introduction of infection after operation, reaction on anaesthesia, infection progressing, clotting in testis or behind them, or temporal ecchymoma, edema or painfulness of scrotum. Because of sperm leak next to testis can be formed small tumors.

Effectiveness: 99,5 – 99,9 %.